What It Is
Autistic people have higher rates of insomnia, delayed sleep phase, night waking, and sleep-disordered breathing. Melatonin dysregulation, sensory sensitivities affecting sleep onset, anxiety, and irregular circadian rhythms all contribute.
How It Presents in Autistic People
Sleep deprivation significantly worsens sensory sensitivity, executive function, emotional regulation, and social functioning. Poor sleep is frequently the hidden factor behind increased meltdowns, reduced tolerance, and worse school performance.
Treatment and Support
Melatonin has the most research support for autism-related sleep difficulties. Sleep hygiene adaptations for sensory needs (weighted blankets, blackout curtains, white noise, consistent routines) help significantly. Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) adapted for autism can be effective. Sleep apnea requires its own assessment and treatment.