- Diagnosis is the start of a long healthcare journey, not the end.
- Waiting lists are long, so document behaviors and video patterns while you wait.
- Appeal insurance denials and know your state's autism coverage mandates.
- You are the coordinator of a multi-provider care team, so keep records and advocate.
Getting an autism diagnosis is not the end of navigating the healthcare system, it is often the beginning of a longer, more complicated journey. Insurance coverage, provider availability, diagnostic accuracy, and the coordination of multiple specialists are all challenges that autism families face regularly.
This guide is intended to help families understand the landscape and navigate it more effectively.
Getting a diagnosis
Autism diagnosis requires comprehensive evaluation by a qualified professional, typically a developmental pediatrician, child psychologist, or neuropsychologist with specific autism training. Primary care physicians can refer, but they typically cannot diagnose.
Waiting lists for diagnostic evaluation can be extremely long, months to over a year in many areas. While waiting, document your child's behaviors, challenges, and patterns. Video is particularly useful. This documentation will be valuable in the evaluation and in any subsequent interactions with schools or service providers.
For families in Nevada, UNLV's Nevada Autism Center offers evaluation services. Contact your pediatrician for local referrals.
Insurance
Autism diagnosis and treatment coverage varies significantly by state and by insurer. The Autism CARES Act mandates coverage for ABA therapy under most insurance plans, but coverage for other services, occupational therapy, speech therapy, social skills groups, varies.
Keep detailed records of all insurance communications. When coverage is denied, appeal. Many denials are reversed on appeal, particularly when accompanied by documentation of medical necessity from the treating provider.
Nevada has autism insurance mandates that require coverage for diagnostic and treatment services. Knowing the specific requirements of your state's mandate gives you leverage when negotiating with insurers.
Building your care team
Most autistic children benefit from care that addresses multiple domains:
A developmental pediatrician or neurologist can coordinate medical care and monitor for co-occurring conditions.
An occupational therapist with sensory integration training can address sensory processing difficulties and daily living skills.
A speech-language pathologist can address communication needs, not just verbal communication but also alternative and augmentative communication (AAC) for children who communicate differently.
A psychologist or therapist who specializes in autism can support emotional regulation and mental health, and can help families navigate the behavioral and emotional landscape.
You are the coordinator of this team. No one else is managing the whole picture. Keep records. Communicate between providers. Advocate for integrated care.
The long view
Healthcare needs change as autistic children grow. Early childhood services transition to school-based services. School-based services transition to adult services, a transition that is notoriously difficult and underfunded.
Planning for these transitions early, understanding what adult services exist in your area, what the qualification criteria are, how long the waiting lists run, gives families more options than waiting until the transition is imminent.
The system is imperfect. Navigating it requires persistence, organization, and the willingness to advocate loudly when your child's needs are not being met. You are not alone in doing this work. WeBearish is building a community of families who share information, experience, and support.
Frequently Asked Questions
Who can actually diagnose autism?
Autism diagnosis requires comprehensive evaluation by a qualified professional, typically a developmental pediatrician, child psychologist, or neuropsychologist with specific autism training. Primary care physicians can refer but usually cannot diagnose. Waiting lists can run from months to over a year, so it helps to document your child's behaviors and patterns, with video being especially useful, while you wait.
What should I do if insurance denies coverage for autism services?
Coverage varies significantly by state and insurer, though the Autism CARES Act mandates ABA coverage under most plans. When coverage is denied, appeal, because many denials are reversed, particularly with documentation of medical necessity from the treating provider. Keep detailed records of all insurance communications, and know your state's specific mandate for leverage.
Who should be on my child's care team?
Most autistic children benefit from care across multiple domains, which can include a developmental pediatrician or neurologist, an occupational therapist with sensory integration training, a speech-language pathologist, and a psychologist or therapist who specializes in autism. Speech support can include alternative and augmentative communication (AAC) for children who communicate differently. You are the coordinator of this team, so keep records and communicate between providers.